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Palm OS
Palm OS is the computer operating system that provides a software platform for the PalmPilot series of handheld personal digital assistants made by Palm Computing, now part of 3Com. Palm OS was designed from the beginning to fit into a palm-size device of a specific size and with a specific display size. 3Com says that the success of the PalmPilot series can be attributed to this special-focus approach. Microsoft's Windows CE and Symbian's EPOC (originated by Psion) are also operating systems for handheld devices, but are designed to serve a broader range of devices.
Palm OS uses multitasking, but only one task is for applications. The user uses one application at a time, one application program must finish before the next can be selected. This constraint allows the operating system to devote full attention to the application that is open. The space needed by the system for any application that is running is kept in dynamic, reusable random access memory (RAM). The application and its related database are kept in what is called permanent storage, but here the permanent storage is RAM (rather than a hard disk) that cannot be reused as the dynamic RAM can. Palm OS divides an application into runnable code and different types of data elements, such as user interface elements and icons. The data elements can be easily changed without necessarily having to rewrite code.
Palm Computing chose not to include a keyboard in the PalmPilot in order to produce a truly palm-size device. Learning from Apple's Newton, an earlier attempt at a pen-and-notepad interface, the company also chose not to provide full handwriting recognition code. Instead, PalmPilot users learn to use a more quickly recognized but restrictive set of pen strokes. These decisions helped keep Palm OS small in size. Palm OS comes with these applications built-in: Dates, Address Book, To Do Lis, Memo Pad, Calculator, and Password Protection. New applications can be written and added using several facilities that accelerate development.
Palm Computing supports Metrowerks' CodeWarrior as the official software development kit (SDK), using a Mac or Windows environment. UNIX platform users can use a kit called GCC, which is available through the Free Software Foundation. Programmers can use C, C++, assembler, or scripting. The PalmPilot user interface is emulated within a window in the desktop environment, encouraging rapid application development. Simpler applications can be developed using Palm Computing's forms interface.
Palm OS comes with communication interfaces to infrared devices, TCP/IP (for Web connection through wireless or wireline devices), and, optionally, barcode recognition scanners. Selected Links 3Com provides Overview from Palm Programming: The Developer's Guide, by Neil Rhodes and Julie McKeehan.
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