A Group To Study English (schedule at the first page)l

[Hafez_7]

Hi there
I wanna join this topic too. What should I do?

[brain]

oh Welcome dear Hafez_7 and dear FARA360

You can join to us
here we speak abt some subjects
This subject that we're discussing abt it now is Sports
You can put ur information abt sports and some masters like dear Sepid will correct ur passeges
Maybe tomorrow I change the subject or maybe I do it in next week...I'm busy these days
I have some idea for here and maybe in near future I'll do it

[singleguy]

Hello every body
why are you so sleepy?
finally my friend Fara360 joined us.


we should celebrate

WELCOME FARA360

I will explode this topic tomorrow . I have found many interesting things about intro and interchange 2
I guess it's enough to talk about sports. make yourself ready for the next subject:

"HOLIDAYS"

[singleguy]

More information about intro, unite 10
Racing
Horse racing has been popular as a spectator sport throughout the British Isles for hundreds of years. It was also the first sport organized in the American colonies. This was in 1664 on Long Island, New York. Four years later the first American sports trophy, a silver bowl, was presented there.
There are two main types of horse racing. In flat racing horses run against each other over a set distance. In National Hunt racing, also called steeplechasing, horses jump over fences and ditches round a course. The main flat races in Britain each year are the English Classics, five races for three-year-old horses. These are the Derby and the Oaks (both run at Epsom), the One Thousand Guineas and the Two Thousand Guineas (run at Newmarket) and the St Leger (run at Doncaster). The four-day Royal Ascot meeting is an important social occasion, attended by members of the royal family. The most famous steeplechase is the Grand National, which was first run in 1836 and which takes place each spring at Aintree. Many people who take no interest in horse racing have a bet on this race. Racing attracts people from all levels of British society but only the rich can afford to own and train a racehorse.
In the US flat racing is called thoroughbred racing or just racing; steeplechasing is not often seen. The most famous race is the Kentucky Derby, which began in 1875 and is run each year at Louisville, Kentucky. This is a big event on national television, and informal bets are made in offices and homes, even in states where gambling is illegal. Other important races are the Preakness at Baltimore, Maryland, and the Belmont Stakes at Elmont, New York. The three together are called the triple crown. Only 11 horses have won the Triple Crown since 1919, and none since 1978. The most famous was Citation.
Famous British and US jockeys have included Willie Carson, Pat Eddery, Lester Piggott, Peter Scudamore, Willie Shoemaker, Laffit Pincay, Angel Cordero and Steve Cauthen. Horses famous in Britain have included Arkle, Desert Orchid, Nijinsky, Red Rum and Shergar, and in the US Galant Fox, Secretariat, Affirmed, Man o’ War, Native Dancer and Cigar, which was chosen Horse of the Year in 1995 and 1996.
A type of race popular in America is harness racing, in which a horse pulls a small two-wheeled cart called a sulky with its driver. The most famous race is the Hambletonian, popularly called the ‘Hambo’, at the Meadowlands Racetrack in New Jersey. Harness racing’s triple crown is the Hambletonian, the Kentucky Futurity, and the Yonkers Trot.
Betting on the result of a race is for many British people an important part of the sport and contributes to the atmosphere of excitement and tension at a racecourse. Before a race starts bookmakers take bets, calculate the odds and say which horse is the favourite. People can also bet on a race on the Internet or at a bookmaker’s or betting shop. Betting shops show live television broadcasts of races.
Americans also like to play the ponies. People can bet beside the track or off-track. Telephone bets can be made in some states. Even though many Americans do not approve of betting, most have accepted horse racing as an exciting sport and a US tradition. This is reflected in popular culture. Camptown Races is one of Stephen Foster‘s most popular songs. Damon Runyon set many of his short stories at race tracks, the mystery novels of Dick Francis are set in the world of racing and Hollywood has produced popular films about racing such as National Velvet (1945) and The Black Stallion (1980). See also greyhound racing.

WOW… this passage is really hard for me...: D. actually I didn't read that completely. I just put it for some ones who like to know more about American races.
There is more information about the signed words in the passage. If you want to know the information about them, tell me to put them for you as soon as possible.


Arkansas
a state in the central southern US, sometimes called the Land of Opportunity. Its capital and largest city is Little Rock. The state’s natural features include Hot Springs National Park and Buffalo National River.Its most important industries include the production of food and wood.



the Empire State Building
an office building in Manhattan(1), New York City, which for over 40 years after it was built (in 1931) was the tallest in the world. It is 1 250 feet (381 meters) high and has 102 floors.

Mallory and Irvine
two English climbers, George Mallory (1886–1924) and Andrew Irvine (1902–1924), who died while attempting to reach the top of Mount Everest. When Mallory was asked why he wanted to climb Everest, his famous reply was ‘Because it is there’. His body was found in May 1999 after being lost on Everest for 75 years.


Georgia
a US state in the Deep South. It was named after King George II of Great Britain and was one of the 13 original American states. It later joined the Confederate States. Georgia’s popular names are the Peach State and the Empire State of the South. Its capital and largest city is Atlanta. Important products of the state include paper, textiles, cotton, tobacco and peaches.


Anchorage
the largest city in Alaska. It is on a port in the southern part of the state. An earthquake badly damaged the city in 1964 and killed 131 people.

Alaska
the largest and most northern state of the US, connected to the other states to the south by the Alaska Highway through Canada. It is sometimes called ‘the last frontier’ and produces a lot of oil. The capital city is Juneau, and the largest city is Anchorage
.
Source: Oxford cultural guide

[singleguy]

More information about interchange2 unite1(workbook)

SYNONYMS
Mad
crazy , nuts , batty , out of your mind , (not) in your right mind
These are all informal words that describe sb who has a mind that does not work normally.
mad (informal, especially BrE)
having a mind that does not work normally: I thought I'd go mad if I stayed any longer.
NOTE
Mad is an informal word used to suggest that sb's behaviour is very strange, often because of extreme emotional pressure. It is offensive if used to describe sb suffering from a real mental illness; use mentally ill instead. Mad is not usually used in this meaning in North American English; use crazy instead.
Crazy (informal, especially NAmE)
having a mind that does not work normally: A crazy old woman rented the upstairs room.
NOTE
Like mad, crazy is offensive if used to describe sb suffering from a real mental illness.
nuts [not before noun] (informal) mad:
That noise is driving me nuts! You guys are nuts!
batty (informal, especially BrE)
slightly mad, in a harmless way: Her mum's completely batty.
out of your mind (informal)
unable to think or behave normally, especially because of extreme shock or anxiety: She was out of her mind with grief.
(not) in your right mind (informal)
(not) mentally normal: No one in their right mind would choose to work there.
to be mad / crazy / nuts / out of your mind / not in your right mind to do sth
to go mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of your mind
to drive sb mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of their mind
absolutely / completely mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of your mind





Michigan
a northern US state, also called the Wolverine State and the Great Lakes State, because it is divided into two parts by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and also has borders with Lake Superior and Lake Erie. The largest city is Detroit, and the capital city is Lansing. Michigan became a state in 1837. Its products include iron and other minerals, cars and cereals (= grains processed as food). Tourists visit the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, and Mackinac Island. People who live in the state are called Michiganders.


Alice in Wonderland
a children’s book (1865) by Lewis Carroll. Its full title is Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Alice, a young girl, dreams that she follows a white rabbit down its hole and has a series of adventures with imaginary creatures. Some of the characters, such as the Mad Hatter and the Cheshire Cat, are referred to in informal English expressions.



Beverly Hills
a fashionable town in the US state of California. It is surrounded by Los Angeles but is not part of it. It is expensive and many people living there are film stars. Its most famous street for shopping is Rodeo Drive.


ER
a US television medical series that began in 1994. ER is the abbreviation for Emergency Room, and the programme is set in a Chicago teaching hospital. It is the most popular series in the US and by 2004 had won 21 Emmy awards, including one for ‘Outstanding Drama Series’ in 1996.

The X-Files
a popular US television series that began in 1993 and is widely shown in other countries. It is about two members of the FBI, Agent Mulder (David Duchovny) and Agent Scully (Gillian Anderson), who investigate mysterious events suggesting other forms of life in space. There has also been a film, The X-Files (1998).


Mel Gibson (1956– )
a Hollywood film star. He was born in the US but grew up in Australia from the age of 12. His best-known films include the Mad Max series in the 1980s, the Lethal Weapon series in the 1980s and 1990s, Braveheart (1995), which he also directed and which won two Oscars, and The Passion of the Christ (2004), which he produced and directed


Quentin Tarantino
(1963– ) a US film director and actor who also writes films. He has been criticized for the violence in such films as Reservoir Dogs (1991) and Pulp Fiction (1994), for which he won an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay. It was also chosen as the best film at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival. Other films written by Tarantino include True Romance (1993), Natural Born Killers (1994), Jackie Brown (1997) and Kill Bill (2003).

Oxford Advanced learner's dictionary
Oxford cultural guide

[singleguy]

idioms related to interchang2 unite3
what (else) do you expect?
(informal) used to tell sb not to be surprised by sth:
She swore at you? What do you expect when you treat her like that?

be sick of sth
(informal) to hate sb/sth very much

spread the word
to tell people about sth

spread your net
to consider a wide range of possibilities or cover a large area, especially to try to find sb/sth:
They have spread their net far and wide in the search for a new team coach.

spread like wildfire
(of news, etc.) to become known by more and more people very quickly

cramp sb’s style
(informal) to stop sb from behaving in the way they want to

come out of the closet
to admit sth openly that you kept secret before, especially because of shame or embarrassment


break the back of sth
to finish the largest or most important part of a task

break of 'day / dawn
(literary) the moment in the early hours of the morning when it begins to get light

Break sb’s fall
to stop sb from falling onto sth hard:
Luckily, a bush broke his fall.

break sb’s heart
to make sb feel very unhappy:
She broke his heart when she called off the engagement. It breaks my heart to see you like this.

break the ice
to say or do sth that makes people feel more relaxed, especially at the beginning of a meeting, party, etc.

break a leg!
(informal) used to wish sb good luck

break new ground
to make a new discovery or do sth that has not been done before

break the 'news (to sb)
to be the first to tell sb some bad news

be 'asking for trouble
(informal) to behave in a way that is very likely to result in trouble

give (sb) (some, no, any, etc.) trouble
to cause problems or difficulties:
My back’s been giving me a lot of trouble lately. The children didn’t give me any trouble at all when we were out.

take the trouble to do sth
to do sth even though it involves effort or difficulty
SYN: make the effort:
She didn’t even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name.

look for trouble
to behave in a way that is likely to cause an argument, violence, etc.:
Drunken youths hang around outside looking for trouble.

a waste of space
(informal) a person who is useless or no good at anything

waste not, want not
(saying) if you never waste anything, especially food or money, you will always have it when you need it


source: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictonary

[singleguy]

more information related to interchange2 unite3
Privacy
The British value their privacy (= having a part of their life that is not known to other people) and believe that everyone has a right to a private life. Many British people like to ‘keep themselves to themselves’ and do not discuss their private affairs. Things people like to keep private vary but may include personal relationships, family problems, how much they earn, their health, their political opinions, and sometimes what they do in their free time. It is considered rude to ask somebody about their private life, even if you know them well.

In the US the Constitution protects people’s right to privacy. A police officer has no power to stop people and ask them what they are doing unless they have committed a crime. Information about people can be shown to others only under special circumstances, and usually only with their permission. When newspapers print details about the family life of a politician or film actor they are often criticized for invasion of privacy. On the other hand, actors and politicians tell the press about their family life for publicity reasons, and ordinary Americans appear on television talk shows where they discuss their bad marriages, health problems and how they cannot control their children. The apparent contradiction in attitudes may be explained by the fact that Americans believe strongly in the right to privacy, but as long as that right is respected, they are happy to give it up. They believe it is better to be open and honest than to have secrets. The British may be less willing than Americans to talk about their own lives but they have an equally strong desire to know about the private lives of famous people. There is a constant argument, for instance, about the extent to which the media should be allowed to report the private lives of members of the royal family.

Not all Americans tell the world everything about their lives. Money and --- are rarely discussed. Husbands and wives usually know how much each other earns, but other family members do not. People may say how much they paid for something, especially if the price was low, but asking somebody else how much they paid is acceptable only for small things, not a house or a car. In general people are happier offering information than being asked for it.
Being given advice can also disturb an American’s sense of privacy. If somebody gives them advice it suggests that that person can solve their problem better than they can themselves. When offering advice, people use indirect language, and instead of saying, ‘You should do this,’ they may say, ‘I tried doing this, and it worked for me’.


SYNONYMS
Afraid
frightened , scared , alarmed , paranoid , apprehensive
All these words describe feeling or showing fear.
afraid
[not before noun] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: There's nothing to be afraid of. Aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?
frightened
feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: a frightened child . She was frightened that the glass would break.
scared
(rather informal) feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: The thieves got scared and ran away.
afraid, frightened or scared?
Scared is more informal, more common in speech, and often describes small fears. Afraid cannot come before a noun. It can only take the preposition of, not about. If you are afraid / frightened / scared of sb/sth/doing sth or afraid / frightened / scared to do sth, you think you are in danger of being hurt or suffering in some way. If you are frightened / scared about sth/doing sth, it is less a fear for your personal safety and more a worry that sth unpleasant might happen.
alarmed [not before noun] afraid that sth dangerous or unpleasant might happen: She was alarmed at the prospect of traveling alone.
paranoid (rather informal) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is not reasonable: You're just being paranoid.
apprehensive (rather formal) slightly afraid that sth bad might happen: I was a little apprehensive about the effects of what I had said.
Don't be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed.
frightened / scared / paranoid / apprehensive about …
afraid / frightened / scared / apprehensive that …
afraid / frightened / scared of spiders, etc.
to feel / look / sound afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / apprehensive
to get frightened / scared / paranoid
afraid / frightened / scared to open the door, etc.


SYNONYMS
rest , breather , breathing space , respite , time out
These are all words for a short period of time spent relaxing.
break
a short period of time when you stop what you are doing and rest or eat: Let's take a break. NOTE In British English break is a period of time between lessons at school. The North American English word is recess.
rest
a period of relaxing, sleeping or doing nothing after a period of activity: We stopped for a well-earned rest.
Breather
(informal) a short pause in an activity to rest or relax: a five-minute breather
breathing space
a short pause in the middle of a period of mental or physical effort: This delay gives the party a breathing space in which to sort out its policies.
breather or breathing space?
You decide when to take a breather; a breathing space has to be given or won. A breather is for relaxing; a breathing space is for sorting things out.
respite
a short break from sth difficult or unpleasant: The drug brought a brief respite from the pain
.time out
(informal, especially NAmE) time for resting or relaxing away from your usual work or studies: Take time out to relax by the pool.


VOCABULARY BUILDING
words that mean ‘break’
burst The balloon hit a tree and burst.
crack The ice started to crack.
crumble Crumble the cheese into a bowl.
cut Now cut the wire in two.
fracture He fell and fractured his hip.
shatter The vase hit the floor and shattered.
smash Vandals had smashed two windows.
snap I snapped the pencil in half.
split The bag had split open on the way home.
tear She tore the letter into pieces.
All these verbs, except cut, can be used with or without an object.


Source: Oxford Edvanced Learner's Dictionary

[singleguy]

It's enough for now.
who wants to talk about new subject:
HOLIDAYS

[FARA360]

oh Welcome dear Hafez_7 and dear FARA360

You can join to us
here we speak abt some subjects
This subject that we're discussing abt it now is Sports
You can put ur information abt sports and some masters like dear Sepid will correct ur passeges
Maybe tomorrow I change the subject or maybe I do it in next week...I'm busy these days
I have some idea for here and maybe in near future I'll do it
[/QUOTE

Hello every body
why are you so sleepy?
finally my friend Fara360 joined us.


we should celebrate

WELCOME FARA360

I will explode this topic tomorrow . I have found many interesting things about intro and interchange 2
I guess it's enough to talk about sports. make yourself ready for the next subject:

"HOLIDAYS"

Thank u so much
So .... the topic is about HOLIDAYS!!!
Before discussing i would like to know that what do we suppose to debate about holiday? I mean any special holiday or sth?????

[mgvahid]

سلام
راستش اینه که منم به طور تصادفی با این تصمیمتون اشنا شدم و میتونم خودم و چند نفر از دوستانم رو هم دعوت کنم البته سطح زبان خودم هم پایینه (یعنی تا اخر کتاب قرمز اینتر چنچ رو خوندم البته چند سال پیش ) ولی مایلم کارایی رو برای زبان انجام بدم البته این دوستانی رو هم که میگم یه عدشون سطحشون خیلی بالاست و مطمئنم کمکون میکنن به هر حال اگه زمانی تصمیم به شروع گرفتین یا همین حالا شروع کردین خوشحال میشم ما رو هم بپذیرین ایمیلم رو میزارم خبرم کنین.
( [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ] )