A Group To Study English (schedule at the first page)l

Hello everybody
This is my grammar activity


First lesson about present perfect was explained by our friend Rayhaneh
This is the second lesson about present perfect and the lesson is not going to explain about structure but it will explain situations and adverbs that is used in this tense.


Unit 8

Present perfect 2 (I have done)
1. We use this tense to talk about a period of time or an unspecified time that has started in and continues up to now.
We often use adverbs like ever, never, since, for, up to now, recently, so far . . . and every adverbs that shows a period of time.


Examples:
1-1. Have you ever traveled to china?
No, I have never traveled to china.
1-2. I haven t eaten anything since morning.

1-3. Have you heard from ali recently?

1-4. Been (to) = visited:
Example: I have never been to china.


2. We also use this tense with defined time that has not finished yet. Like today, this year, and …
Examples:
2-1. I have drunk four cups of tea today.
2-2. I haven t studied hard this term

* Difference between these adverbs and adverbs in number 1 is that adverbs in number 2 are defined time apparently but in meaning they haven t finished yet, but adverbs in number 1 exactly show a period of time.


3. Finally we use present perfect to say something that has happened first time. (first time regarding recent period of time. Maybe it is actually first time like example1 or maybe it is not the first time but regarding that has happened before, it is the first time like example 2.
Example:
3-1. He is driving a car. It’s the first time he has driven a car.
3-2. He has lost his keys again. This is the third times he has lost them.

• این ساختار را در مواردی که یک عمل یا یک موقعیت در یک دوره زمانی یا یک زمان نامشخص که در گذشته شروع شده و تا هم‌اکنون نیز ادامه دارد مورد استفاده قرار می‌دهیم.

مثال:

1-1 تا حالا به چین سفر کردی(کرده‌ای)؟

نه هیچ وقت به اونجا سفر نکردم(نکرده‌ام).

1-2 از صبح تا حالا چیزی نخوردم(نخورده‌ام)

1-3 اخیرا از علی خبری داری؟

• هم چنین این ساختار را در مورد یک زمان مشخص که هنوز به اتمام نرسیده نیز مورد استفاده قرار می‌دهیم.

این مورد با مورد قبل تفاوتی ندارد فقط در مورد اول بطور مشخص یک بازه زمانی رو نشان میدهد ولی در مورد دومی ظاهرا یک نقطه زمانی را نشان میدهد ولی از نظر معنایی باز هم یک بازه زمانی مد نظر می‌باشد.

مثال:

2-1. امروز 4 فنجان چای خوردم ( خورده‌ام).

2-2. این ترم خوب (سخت) درس نخواندم(نخوانده‌ام).

• نهایتا زمان حال کامل را برای بیان اعمالی که بار اول اتفاق افتاده است مورد استفاده قرار می‌دهیم.( منظور از بار اول ممکن است عملی باشد که واقعا بار اول اتفاق افتاده باشد مانند مثال 1 و یا اینکه دقیقا بار اول نباشد ولی با توجه به اینکه این عمل در گذشته اتفاق افتاده و یک بازه زمانی از آن طی شده است مجددا پس از این بازه زمانی اتفاق افتاده است.)

3-1. او در حال رانندگی است. اولین دفعه هست که ماشین می‌راند(رانده است).

3-2. دوباره کلیدهایش را گم کرده است. سومین دفعه هست که آنها را گم می‌کند(کرده است).

در مجموع همه موارد ذکر شده زمان حال کامل (present perfect) در یک بازه زمانی را که در گذشته آغاز شده و تا زمان فعلی ادامه دارد استفاده می‌شود، هر چند که شاید از نظر ظاهری اینطور نباشد ولی از لحاظ معنایی مد نظر می‌باشد.

You can download the exercises from this link :
http://www.freezpic.com/pics/5b91f5271049e7ec6f6e1d22212b92d5.jpg

Plz do the exercises and ask any question that you face


I

Present perfect continuous

(I have been doing)

A: Is it raining?
No, but the ground is wet.
It has been raining.
Have/has been –ing is the present perfect continuous:

I/we/they/you have
He/she/it has


been
Doing
Waiting
Playing etc.


We use the present perfect continuous for an activity that has recently stopped or just stopped.
There is a connection with now:

*You’re out of breath. Have you been running? (= you’re out of breath now)
*Paul is very tired. He’s been working very hard. (= he’s tired now)

B: It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining.
How long has it been raining?
It has been raining for two hours.

We use the present perfect continuous in this way with how long, for… and since…. The activity is still happening (as in this example) or has just stopped.
*How long have you been learning English? (= you’re still learning English)
* Tim is still watching television. He’s been watching television all day.


C: compare I am doing and I have been doing:

حال کامل استمراری

ادامه جمله+مفعول+ ing +فعل+ been + Have/has +فاعل

این زمان نشان می دهد که کاری در گذشته در یک زمان معین یا نامعین شروع شده و تا زمان حال ادامه داشته و هنوز هم ادامه دارد.

البته در افعالیکه در حالت سکون هستند بهتر است از زمان حال کامل استمراری استفاده شود تا زمان حال کامل.
افعالیکه در حالت سکون هستند مثل:
Stay, sit, rest, work, sleep, live, stand, wait, talk, learn, look, lie, listen, study.

طرز شناختن حال کامل استمراری:

شناختن این زمان مثل حال کامل می باشد با این فرق که ماضی نقلی در زمان حال کامل می شود ولی ماضی نقلی استمراری هنوز در زمان حال ادامه دارد که البته حروف اضافه و یا قیودی که برای ماضی نقلی بکار می رود برای ماضی استمراری هم صدق می کند

.

- He is lying on the floor now.حال استمراری
- He has been lying there for two hours.حال کامل استمراری

طرز ساختن حال کامل استمراری:
این زمان را با ماضینقلی فعل بودن (have/has been) بعلاوه ی شکل (ing) فعل اصلی میسازند.

طرز منفی و سوالی کردن حال کامل استمراری:

در انگلیسیبریتانیایی عیناً مانند ماضی نقلی، سوالی و منفی می شود اما در دستور زبان انگلیسیآمریکایی، از فعل کمکی does برای سوالی کردن قبل از سوم شخص (she, He, It) و doesn’t بعد از آن برای منفی کردن استفاده می شود. و در بقیه اشخاص (I, You, We, They) از فعل کمکی do قبل از فاعل، برای سوالی کردن و don’t بعد از آن برای منفیکردن استفاده می شود.

I have a question

In unite 8, exercise 8.4, for example we should answer the question number 2 like this: l

Have you played tennis before? l

No, it's the first time I have played tennis

And my question is:l

Is it wrong to say: "No, it's the first time I'm playing tennis…"?l


If it's wrong:l

Can we use present continuous here(in this situation)?l

If yes:l

How should we use present continuous here?l
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نقل قول:

---

نوشته شده توسط singleguy [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]

I have a question

In unite 8, exercise 8.4, for example we should answer the question number 2 like this: l

Have you played tennis before? l

No, it's the first time I have played tennis

And my question is:l

Is it wrong to say: "No, it's the first time I'm playing tennis…"?l


If it's wrong:l

Can we use present continuous here(in this situation)?l

If yes:l

How should we use present continuous here?l
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---

well, as u've answered yourself, this answer is true:

نقل قول:

---

No, it's the first time I'm playing tennis

---

according to yr answer n action u can use any kinda tense in answering a question....it is also worth mentioning that it is just short answers of questions which should have the same tense as the questions...but the long n complete answer can be due to the situation u r:

Have you played tennis before?!
Yes, I have. I first played tennis when I was ten years old

Have you ever played tennis before?!
No, I haven't. it's the first time I'm playing tennis

Hi every body
Time for writing activity is from Mordad 11th till Mordad 14th
for doing this activity you should send A post including:
1- an essay about the subject sepid12ir told you
2- Setting examples related to each grammar unite we studied in this period (at least 5 examples for each unit)
3- setting examples about the 2 lessons you studied from our vocabulary book (at least 5 examples for each lesson) ll
For more information go to our social group
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In The Name Of God
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Writing Activity
What Is The Disadvantage Of Being Alone

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Most of people like to associate with others so much and when they haven't close relations with others they feel loneliness feeling.The alone people feel nobody hear them well.When these people sense seclusion, they think that they have nobody.

We all sometimes feel loneliness feeling but loneliness feeling's some people is a chronic loneliness feeling.Chronic loneliness feeling is uncomfortable situation and it brings physics and mental disorders.It even can bring imminent death.Lately researches has shown who alone students have mental pressure more than other group students and they have bad situation asleep too.

Researchers researched in more than twenty countries then they discovered marrieds feel loneliness feeling less than bachelors.

The women and men find many different reasons for their loneliness.The men trounce themselves and the women trounce external causes.The men are bred as who start contacts and the women are bred as who wait and then answer.Maybe the men trounce themselves for they feel did a work for their loneliness while the women say why someone didn't telephone me.

How do you know that you are alone or not? If you say that you can't contact with others or you never find a ideal friend, maybe you will be alone forever

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Grammer
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Past Continuous

I was playing football when you called me.
They were climbing mountain.
She was reading her lessons at library.
We were not looking for baby.
You were washing dirty dishes when I was going out

Present Prefect 1

I haven't cooked dinner because of I haven't bought its materials yet.
She has brushed her teeth but she hasn't whashed her mouth.
They have done their work very good.
He has just gone , if you go faster you can see him.
Haven't you fed baby yet

Present Perfect 2

I have never fished , this is my first time.
You haven't flown with airplanein last week.
She hasn't forgiven me yet.
They haven't left our city.
I have never ridden a bike

Present Perfect Continuous

I have been standing here for some hours.
We have been talking about him.
You are still resting, you have been resting all the day.
He has been living there when he has born.
They have been working on my car but they have not repaired it yet

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Vocabulary
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Living Room

We don't have waste-paper bin in our house.
We don't have enough cushions for our guests.
Our mat has sludged very dirty, We should wash it.
This old rug is valuable and expensive.
Their house's ceiling has got wet and it maybe falls to them

In The Street

Some drivers sometimes cross lamp-box when it is red.
Gutters of this city are very dirty.
Pedestrains should walk pavement not in the street.
Weather is rainy and roads are wet and dangerous.
Some people are waiting for bus at bus-stop

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The End
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My Writing Activity

Disadvantages of LONLINESS

What is Loneliness?
Does it just mean: nobody is around you?
What are the disadvantages of loneliness?
Loneliness is not just being alone. Maybe you are in the group but you feel loneness again. Therefore I think we have two kinds of loneliness when you are physically alone and when you don t feel relax in the group, another type of loneliness. There are so many disadvantages for loneliness like feeling depressed after a while (can I use this collocation?), your social skills don t improve, you wouldn t be success in comparison when you are not alone.
When you are alone you don t have any interactions whit others and you have more time to think about everything. And it usually causes you think about negative issues. It means you think pessimistically and see everything in a bad way, then after a period of time you become depressed logically. Because it is result of pessimism.
Another disadvantage of loneliness is not improving your social and relationship skills. Because man is a social creature and he/she can grow in society. Having relationship and interactions whit other causes you face special situations and problems and make active your mind to solve them and eventually you learn how to act in this situation if you face it again.
One of the other disadvantages of loneliness is lack of success in life. I think it is a natural effect of two previous harms of loneliness. Because when you feel sick and depressed, you avoid of society then you can not have effective relationship and consequently your skills don t grow to comply your needs. And this means you are not successful. Because nowadays most important thing for succeeding is social relations.
Although loneness have so many disadvantages but it has some advantages too. For example you can sit somewhere alone and think about yourself and your behavior you had before and find your mistakes and finally reach to self knowing.
Therefore we sometimes need to be alone but we shouldn t allow it will became a habit.

Grammar

Present perfect 1, 2

• I have done my homework.
• It has stopped raining recently.
• The buildings have just changed in our neighbourhood.
• Don t forget to do your homework. I ve already done them.
• Have n t you washed your hands yet ?
• Have you ever ridden a aeroplane?
• No, I have never ridden a plane.
• I have phoned her 4 times today.
• I haven, t gotten my driving license yet.
• It, s the fourth times I, ve come here but nobody has been here to answer.

Past continuous

• It was snowing when I went out.
• When I got home, everybody was eating dinner.
• Were you doing your homework at 10 last night?
• I wasn t sleeping when you phoned.

Present perfect continuous

• We have been sitting here for 2 hours.
• He is a specialist engineer in his course. He has been studying for 10 years.
• How long have you been waiting here?

Vocabulary

Living room

• I clean the bottom of my shoes on mat, when I got home.
• when it is hot I turn on the fan and sit on the sofa.
• bookcase keeps book against wreck.
• I turn lamp on when I go to bed.
• I watch television after lunch everyday.

In the street

• Traffic light prevents cars to disturb the street.
• Eech street usually has kerb to limit cars to drive in line.
• Nowadays we can see a lot of posters on walls in the street, advertise many things.
• Some houses have railings around themselves.
• There are always long queue in bakery.

My Writing
Loneliness ! I heard this word for the first time in a song of Anathema band . If I wanna say the truth about my feels , the mentioned word isn't so bad … sometimes that word make me enjoyment and can make me more happy and think better. I don’t know why but its right .
But in this subject (What Is The Disadvantage Of Being Alone) we can propound a question . Is there any Disadvantage in Being Alone ? my answer is Yes ! for sure seclusion is a psychical malady that can make humen as psycho by the period of time . unfortunately in today societies , so many people are alone and pensive . But why ? Is that answer unless mechanic life and dependence to machines ? Sometimes I have seen people that even don’t talk ! they can thalk but don’t … I think this is one of the disadvantage of being alone .
Being alone is an adjective that come worry after that . everybody that is alone hasn’t any friend or hasn’t any good respect with his/her frinds . this can bring worry after a long time .The last question that propound , is "what should people do for solve theme Loneliness?" my answer by truth is "I don’t know"

I joined the group frome 5 or 6 days ago and its why my essay isn't good . anyway please excuse my wrongs

دوستان چون من از همین فعالیت وارد گروه شدم نتونستم گرامر و لغت رو بنویسم . از تمرین بعدی حتما اونارو هم مینویسم . ضمنا رایتینگم هم شرمنده مشکل زیاد داره ... اینم تمرین بعدی رفع میکنم .

What is the disadvantage of being alone?

Being of alone has several disadvantages for everybody, for example: unable to do some works, have a low supporation from others and be depressing.
We are able to do some works correctly but for others doing we need somebody’s help.This is included about personal and social works too. When we are alone, we get low supporation from others in our life. But we need to be perfect protection in our life. In long time, loneliness may be was serious reason for our depressing. Every body needs to have somebody in his life for support from mental aspect.
Finally, we should put equally between our solitude and relationship. In result of, we will have a normal life
.

Grammar

Lesson 6: past continuous

I was watching TV at 6 o’clock last Monday.
She was playing tennis at 7 o’clock yesterday evening.
While you were reading, I saw you.
When you came, I was doing my homework.
He was speaking by his father half an hour ago.

Lesson 7: present perfect 1

I have just finished my homework.
He has already written to his father.
She hasn’t finished her dinner yet.
They have just been to the shops. They’ve bought lots of things.
We have gone to ltaly.

Lesson 8: present perfect 2
I have taught English for 5 years.
She has been in France since 1980.
He has read this book for half an hour.
We haven’t seen her today.
? Have they driven a car before.

Lesson 9: present perfect continuous

She has been watching TV for half an hour.
He has been swimming since 4 o’clock.
We have been learning English for six months.
I have been teaching for 5 years.
They have been living here since 1990.

Vocabulary

Living room:

The television is on the table.
The lamp is behind the television.
The radio is near the bookcase.
The sofa is in front of the fan.
The switch is next to lamp.

The street:

You can put your waste paper in a little bin.
He can stand in a queue at the bus –stop.
The traffic-lights have turned to green.
The pedestrian can cross the road at a crossing.
The sings help people to find their way.

Writing essay
Disadvantages of being alone
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What do you know about the disadvantages of loneliness? Some body who don't want to communicate with other people is an alone person and Loneliness has different levels. Some people are moody, some times they don't want to communicate with any other people and some time they don't feel good with loneliness and some people want to be alone in any situation.
Being alone has many advantages and disadvantages. Actually I've been a normal alone guy and I'll be alone for ever I guess. So I can tell you some disadvantages of being alone
It's pretty hard for an alone person to be happy. That's the first bad feeling of being alone in my opinion. No body pay much attention to an alone person because he/she don't talk to other people so no one knows his/er mistakes to pay attention to them and maybe it makes the alone person depressed and being depress is really dangerous and harmful for every one and it can cause mental or physical mistakes.
In my opinion every one need's some one to talk to and lean on, share his/er feelings, joys, sadness, secrets and etc, and an alone person can't bet for anything. He/she also can't tell any body how bad or good was the day and how bad/good luck was her/him for the day… and when the alone person want to really say something no one listen to him/her.
so It doesn't worth to be alone for long period of time and I suggest all of you not to leave you friends, family, partner and don't let the loneliness to overcome you. people around you need you, they feel you and maybe there is some one who loves you. You didn't created to spend your life lonely. so try enjoy your life and share it with others.

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Grammar activity
past continuous
I was ding some exercise when my mobile ranged.
when they were living in that tiny apartment, they had their first son.
I crashed with my car while I was driving fast.
I was looking her when I fall in the pool.
I want called you yesterday but you were looking somewhere else.


present perfect 1
new material has discovered to reduce the spoiling degree of water
I wrote very thing but I've lost the paper
no body is in the home,I guess they've gone out
how long have you been here?
it's night... haven't you done your homework yet
he has gone for touring the campus

present perfect 2
I've eaten alot in recent days
I haven't seen you in ages...what have you done lately?
have you had any problem this year?
It was the last time that I forgotten where my keys are
have you ever been to NYC?

present perfect continuous
you are out of breath...have you been exercising?
the door is wet. the painter has been painting it.
the motor is hot....have it been working?
I've been searching for this book for last week.
I've been sleeping all the night so I couldn't hear anything
I've been playing this sport since I was 10
I've been spending my time for 2years
how have been bearing this pain?
I called you but there was no answer...where have you been?
how long have you been smoking?
the food is a bit strange for them because they haven't been eating

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vocabulary
Livingroom
I turn off the lights and the lamp at night befor go to bed
I try to update my bookcase every year
when I come home after exercising I lean on the sofa or sit in the armchair to rest a little
the mats and the rug ate too messy let's wash them
leaning on the cousion make me faling asleep
pick up the papers on the floor and put them in the wast paper bin
the light hangs from the cilling

In the street
the most regulat thing on the streets are kerbs
signs are something that tell us the rules in the streets
you can put your letter in the post box in order to post it
you must cross the street when the traffic light is red and you are supposed to cross from the crossing.
you can't jump the queue when you are wating for the bus in the bus station
a park wardon is a person who take cares of the cars in a car park
pedestratios must wak just in the pavement not on the road

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