نقل قول:
پس از تشکیل دو دادگاه ویژه در یوگسلاوی سابق و رواندا ، کمیسیون بین المللی قضایی تصمیم به تشکیل یک دادگاه ثابت ، برای جنایات (جنگی) بین المللی (icc) در دهه 1990 گرفت . در 1994 ، کمیسیون بین المللی قضایی پیش نویس اساسنامه چنین دادگاهی را تقدیم به مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل کرد . از 1994 تا 1995 ، یک کمیته ویژه روی پیش نویس این دادگاه کار کرد . از 1996 تا 1998 ، یک کمیته اصلاحی ، وظایف کمیته قبلی را برعهده گرفت و سعی کرد به یک پیش نویس جامع برسد تا در کنفرانس بعدی سازمان ملل مطرح شود . در 1998 ، یک مجمع عمومی باحضور نمایندگان تام الاختیار همه اعضا در زمینه تشکیل دادگاه icc به هدف تدوین و تصویر کنوانسیونی جهت دادگاه ، در رم ایتالیا تشکیل شد .
اساسنامه رم ، در تابستان 1998 پذیرفته و آماده امضا توسط اعضا شد . در تابستان 2002 ، حالت اجرایی به خود گرفت و تاکنون 139 کشور آنرا امضا کرده اند که 89 کشور آنرا تصویب کرده اند . 24 کشور عضو کمیسیون اقتصادی اروپا (؟) و کشورهای مشترک المنافع اساسنامه رم را امضا کرده که 17 کشور آنرا تصویر نیز کرده اند .
سلام
اقا ممنون
شرمنده یک قسمت دیگه از متن رو اگه زحمت بکشید ممنون میشم ( البته خودم ترجمه کردم ولی خیلی جاهاش نمیتونم ترجمه درست بکنم)Definition of Rape to be Applied by the ICC
The Rome Statute authorized the Preparatory Commission for the International Criminal Court to prepare a draft text of the Elements of Crimes within the ICC's jurisdiction.
Elements of the Crime Against Humanity of Rape:
(1) The perpetrator invaded* the body of a person by conduct resulting in penetration, however, slight, of any part of the body of the victim or of the perpetrator with a sexual organ, or of the anal or genital opening of the victim with any object or any other part of the body.
(2) The invasion was committed by force, or by threat of force or coercion, such as that caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression or abuse of power, against such person or another person, or by taking advantage of a coercive environment, or the invasion was committed against a person incapable of giving genuine consent.**
(3) The conduct was committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.
(4) The perpetrator knew that the conduct was part of or intended the conduct to be a part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.
*The concept of "invasion" is intended to be broad enough to be gender-neutral.
**It is understood that a person may be incapable of giving genuine consent if affected by natural, induced or age-related incapacity.
Elements of a War Crime of Rape in an International Armed Conflict:
(1) The perpetrator invaded the body of a person by conduct resulting in penetration, however, slight, of any part of the body of the victim or of the perpetrator with a sexual organ, or of the anal or genital opening of the victim with any object or any other part of the body.
(2) The invasion was committed by force, or by threat of force or coercion, such as that caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression or abuse of power, against such person or another person, or by taking advantage of a coercive environment, or the invasion was committed against a person incapable of giving genuine consent.
(3) The conduct took place in the context of and was associated with an international armed conflict.
(4) The perpetrator was aware of the factual circumstances that established the existence of an armed conflict.
Elements of War Crime of Rape in Internal Armed Conflict:
(1) The perpetrator invaded the body of a person by conduct resulting in penetration, however, slight, of any part of the body of the victim or of the perpetrator with a sexual organ, or of the anal or genital opening of the victim with any object or any other part of the body.
(2) The invasion was committed by force, or by threat of force or coercion, such as that caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression or abuse of power, against such person or another person, or by taking advantage of a coercive environment, or the invasion was committed against a person incapable of giving genuine consent.
(3) The conduct took place in the context of and was associated with an armed conflict not of an international character.
(4) The perpetrator was aware of the factual circumstances that established the existence of an armed conflict.
