could some body tell me the wrong points in my writing?:31:
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could some body tell me the wrong points in my writing?:31:
related to interchange2, unite2
much / a lot of / lots of
Much is used only with uncountable nouns. It is used mainly in questions and negative sentences: Do you have much free time? How much experience have you had? I don’t have much free time.
In statements a lot of or lots of (informal) is much more common: ‘How much (money) does she earn? She earns a lot of money. You can also use plenty (of). These phrases can also be used in questions and negative sentences.
A lot of / lots of is still felt to be informal, especially in BrE, so in formal writing it is better to use much, a great deal of or a large amount of.
Very much and a lot can be used as adverbs: I miss my family very much. I miss my family a lot. Thanks a lot. In negative sentences you can use much: I didn’t enjoy the film (very) much.
source: Oxford Advanaced Learner's Dictionary
more information about interchange 2 , unite2
Tax
Duty, customs, tariff, levy,
excise
These are all words for money that you have to pay to the government .
tax
money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services: income tax, tax cuts
duty
a tax that you pay on things that you buy, especially those that you bring into a country: The company has to pay customs duties on all imports.
Customs
tax that is paid when goods are brought in from other countries
tariff
a tax that is paid on goods coming into or going out of a country: A general tariff was imposed on foreign imports.
levy
an extra amount of money that has to be paid, especially as a tax to the government: a levy on oil imports
excise
a tax that is paid on some goods made, sold or used within a country: There has been a sharp increase in vehicle excise.
duty, customs, tariff, levy or excise?
These are all words for taxes on goods. Excise is for goods sold within a country. Customs is for goods brought into a country. Tariffs are on goods going into or coming out of a country, often in order to protect industry from cheap imports. Duty is more general and can be a customs or excise tax. Levy is the most general of all and can be any sort of tax or charge.
(a) tax / duty / tariff / levy / excise on sth
(b) to pay an amount of money in tax / duty / customs / tariffs / levies / excise
(c) to pay (a) tax / duty / customs / tariff / levy / excise
(d) to collect taxes / duties
(e) to increase / raise / reduce (a) tax / duty / customs / tariff / levy / excise
(f) to impose (a) tax / duty / tariff / levy
(g) to cut taxes / duties
(h) to put (a) tax / duty / tariff on sth
hobby, game, pastime
These are all words for activities that you do for pleasure in your spare time.
Interest
an activity or subject that you do or study for pleasure in your spare time: Her main interests are music and gardening.
Hobby
an activity that you do for pleasure in your spare time: His hobbies include swimming and cooking.
Game
a children's activity when they play with toys, pretend to be sb else, etc.; an activity that you do to have fun: a game of cops and robbers He was playing games with the dog.
pastime
an activity that people do for pleasure in their spare time: Eating out is the national pastime in France.
interest, hobby or pastime?
A hobby is often more active than an interest: His main hobby is football (= he plays football). His main interest is football (= he watches and reads about football, and may or may not play it). Pastime is used when talking about people in general; when you are talking about yourself or an individual person it is more usual to use interest or hobby
a popular interest / hobby / pastime
Do you have any interests / hobbies?
to take up / pursue a(n) interest / hobby
to do sth as a hobby
more information about interchange2, unite1, reading
Last and take are both used to talk about the length of time that something continues. Last is used to talk about the length of time that an event continues: How long do you think this storm will last? The movie lasted over two hours. Last does not always need an expression of time: His annoyance won’t last. Last is also used to say that you have enough of something: We don’t have enough money to last until next month. Take is used to talk about the amount of time you need in order to go somewhere or do something. It must be used with an expression of time: It takes (me) at least an hour to get home from work. How long will the flight take? The water took ages to boil
his / her last / dying 'breath
the last moment of a person’s life
SYNONYMS
gaze, peer , glare,
These words all mean to look at sb/sth for a long time.stare to look at sb/sth for a long time, especially with surprise or fear, or because you are thinking: I screamed and everyone stared.
gaze (rather formal) to look steadily at sb/sth for a long time, especially with surprise or love, or because you are thinking: We all gazed at Marco in amazement.
peer to look closely or carefully at sth, especially when you cannot see it clearly
glare to look angrily at sb/sth for a long time: I looked at her and she glared stonily back
to stare / gaze / peer / glare at sb/sthto
stare / gaze / peer / glare hard / intently / suspiciously
to stare / gaze / peer anxiously / nervously
to stare / gaze / glare fiercely / stonily
to stare / gaze wide-eyed / open-mouthed
to stare / gaze into space
.
Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
the best-known play (1962) by the US writer Edward Albee. It is about a college teacher and his wife who constantly argue and play cruel games with each other and a younger couple who visit them. In the film version (1966) the older couple were played by Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton3.
Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)
an English writer of novels. She is well known for the experimental style of many of her books. She was one of the first writers to use the ‘stream of consciousness’, a way of describing a person’s thoughts and feelings as a flow of ideas as the person would have experienced them, without using the usual methods of description. She was a member of the Bloomsbury Group and is considered an important early writer about feminism (= the idea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men). Her best-known novels include Mrs Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927) and Orlando (1928).
Tom Cruise (1962 )
a US actor. He won Golden Globe Awards for Born on the Fourth of July (1990), Jerry Maguire (1996) and Magnolia (2000). He is probably best known for playing a US Navy pilot in Top Gun (1986). His other films have included Mission Impossible (1996) and Eyes Wide Shut (1999) in which he appeared with Nicole Kidman, to whom he was married for ten years until they separated in 2001.
Golden Globe Award n
any of several film and television awards given at a special ceremony each year since 1944 by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Compare Oscar, Emmy.
Nicole Kidman (1967– ) a Hollywood actor, born in Australia. She received an Oscar for The Hours (2002) and her other films include Batman Forever (1995), Moulin Rouge (2001) and Cold Mountain (2003).
source: Oxford Cultural guide
Idioms related to interchange2 unite 1sort out / separate the sheep from the 'goats
to distinguish people who are good at sth, intelligent, etc. from those who are not
like 'sheep
(disapproving) if people behave like sheep, they all do what the others are doing, without thinking for themselves
a wolf in sheep’s 'clothing
a person who seems to be friendly or harmless but is really an enemy
set sth in 'train
(formal) to prepare or start sth:
That telephone call set in train a whole series of events.
bring sth in its 'train
(formal) to have sth as a result:
Unemployment brings great difficulties in its train.
(catch / throw sb) off 'balance
to make sb/sth unsteady and in danger of falling:
I was thrown off balance by the sudden gust of wind.
on 'balance
after considering all the information:
On balance, the company has had a successful year.
(be / hang) in the 'balance
if the future of sth/sb, or the result of sth is / hangs in the balance, it is uncertain:
The long-term future of the space programme hangs in the balance.
his / her last / dying 'breath
the last moment of a person’s life.
breathe your 'last
(literary) to die
famous last 'words
(saying) people sometimes say Famous last words! when they think sb is being too confident about sth that is going to happen:
‘Everything’s under control.’ ‘Famous last words!’
the last 'word (in sth)
the most recent, fashionable, advanced, etc. thing:
These apartments are the last word in luxury.
hear / see the 'last of sb/sth
to hear / see sb/sth for the last time:
That was the last I ever saw of her. Unfortunately, I don’t think we’ve heard the last of this affair.
every last …
every person or thing in a group:
We spent every last penny we had on the house.
be on your / its last 'legs
to be going to die or stop functioning very soon; to be very weak or in bad condition
last 'in, first 'out
used, for example in a situation when people are losing their jobs, to say that the last people to be employed will be the first to go
last but not 'least
used when mentioning the last person or thing of a group, in order to say that they are not less important than the others:
Last but not least, I’d like to thank all the catering staff.
he who laughs last laughs 'longest
(saying) used to tell sb not to be too proud of their present success; in the end another person may be more successful
at long last
after a long time
the last / final 'straw | the straw that breaks the camel’s 'back
the last in a series of bad events, etc. that makes it impossible for you to accept a situation any longer
throw your 'hand in
(informal) to stop doing sth or taking part in sth, especially because you are not successful
throw yourself on sb’s mercy
(formal) to put yourself in a situation where you must rely on sb to be kind to you and not harm or punish you
throw sb/sth 'overboard
to get rid of sb/sth that you think is useless
fix sb with a 'look, 'stare, 'gaze, etc.
to look directly at sb for a long time:
He fixed her with an angry stare.
look / stare / gaze into 'space
to look straight in front of you without looking at a particular thing, usually because you are thinking about sth
Idioms related to interchange2 unite2
under the counter
goods that are bought or sold under the counter are sold secretly and sometimes illegally
over the 'counter
goods, especially medicines, for sale over the counter can be bought without a prescription
bend your 'mind / 'efforts to sth
(formal) to think very hard about or put a lot of effort into one particular thing
blow your 'mind
(informal) to produce a very strong pleasant or shocking feeling:
Wait till you hear this. It’ll blow your mind.
sth boggles the 'mind (also the mind 'boggles)
(informal) if sth boggles the mind or the mind boggles at it, it is so unusual that people find it hard to imagine or accept:
The vastness of space really boggles the mind. ‘He says he’s married to his cats!’ ‘The mind boggle
cast your mind back (to sth)
to make yourself think about sth that happened in the past:
I want you to cast your minds back to the first time you met.
cross your mind
(of thoughts, etc.) to come into your mind
SYN occur to sb:
It never crossed my mind that she might lose (= I was sure that she would win).
know your own 'mind
to have very firm ideas about what you want to do
mind / watch your 'language
to be careful about what you say in order not to upset or offend sb:
Watch your language, young man!
if you don’t mind | if you wouldn’t mind
used to check that sb does not object to sth you want to do, or to ask sb politely to do sth:
I’d like to ask you a few questions, if you don’t mind. Can you read that form carefully, if you wouldn’t mind, and then sign it.
I wouldn’t mind sth / doing sth
used to say politely that you would very much like sth / to do sth:
I wouldn’t mind a cup of coffee, if it’s no trouble. I wouldn’t mind having his money!
come / spring to 'mind
if sth comes / springs to mind, you suddenly remember or think of it:
When discussing influential modern artists, three names immediately come to mind.
mind your own 'business
(informal) to think about your own affairs and not ask questions about or try to get involved in other people’s lives:
‘What are you reading?’ ‘Mind your own business!’ I was just sitting there, minding my own business, when a man started shouting at me.
have a good mind to do sth | have half a mind to do sth
used to say that you think you will do sth, although you are not sure:
I’ve half a mind to come with you tomorrow.
mind the 'shop (BrE) (NAmE mind the 'store)
to be in charge of sth for a short time while sb is away:
Who’s minding the shop while the boss is abroad?
mind 'you
(informal) used to add sth to what you have just said, especially sth that makes it less strong:
I’ve heard they’re getting divorced. Mind you, I’m not surprised—they were always arguing.
lose your 'mind
to become mentally ill
make up your 'mind | make your 'mind up
to decide sth
They’re both beautiful—I can’t make up my mind
your mind’s 'eyey
our imagination:
He pictured the scene in his mind’s eye.
to 'my mind
in my opinion:
It was a ridiculous thing to do, to my mind.
bring / call sb/sth to 'mind
(formal) to remember sb/sth
SYN recall:
She couldn’t call to mind where she had seen him before.
on your 'mind
if sb/sth is on your mind, you are thinking and worrying about them / it a lot:
You’ve been on my mind all day
stick in your 'mind(of a memory, an image, etc.)
to be remembered for a long time:
One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind.
mind / watch your 'step
1to walk carefully
2to behave in a careful and sensible way
have a memory / mind like a 'sieve
(informal) to have a very bad memory; to forget things easily
open your / sb’s mind
to become or make sb aware of new ideas or experiences
it's enough for mind, isn't it?
keep / stay / steer clear (of sb/sth)
to avoid a person or thing because it may cause problems
source: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
why don't you continue the discussion?:13: did you forget that?
why don't you read my passage about sport and don't you correct the wrong points?:19:
Why do you think in this way ?
If you look at Thank botton you can see someones who read your text.
I individually prefer to use them .they are very helpful for me.
plz continue
no no [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]نقل قول:
Why do you think in this way ?
If you look at Thank botton you can see someones who read your text.
I individually prefer to use them .they are very helpful for me.
plz continue
I meant my passage about sports. nobody didn't tell anything about that. it means that all of that was right.han?
Hi guys!
I wrote 1 paragraph about chess .please correct my mistakes.:46:
One of my favorite sports is chess, because it like a real war and it needs concentrating.
Whenever I play chess I feel that I’m in the battle and I’m guiding my soldiers .
You can choose infinitive game or defensive game . I prefer to play defensive policy at the first, then I decorate my members as the best way, I start play infinitive policy. I think the the best beat is horse ,
because it could have unforeseen movement in predicament:31:t .
نقل قول:thank you, sorry for this delay; I was sorta busy n was not in the mood of correcting the mistakes.
As before, it was pretty nice n with the least possible mistakes, just have a look at some of them n in case there was any question ask :10:
I've done this sport since 3 years ago
First off, after since we mostly have a complete sentence; e.g: sine I was three years old...or we mention an exact time: since 1998
then, when we talk about sth which we are still doing that it's better to use Present Perfect continous: I've been doing this sport since I was (age)
Let me to talk : 'let' doesn't acept any prep; e.g: let me know
so it should be: let me talk
I experienced that sport is not good just for our physical health:
I couldn't get you precisely here but if u meant: من با توجه به تجربیات متوجه شدم که ورش تنها برای سلامت جسمی نیست; you could write in this way:
According to my experince/ Since I've experinced doing some sports I've noticed that it is not only good for our physical health
Second grade in highschool: 2nd grade of high school
time and maybe they will become: u've used 'maybe' here so it eliminates the need of using 'will'---> maybe they become
Child: 1 child; 2 children
master of this sport: in this sport
happy studying, keep goin, that is an absolutely a great job
نقل قول:Hi buddy, thanks for joining the guys here
it like: when u r talking about the similarity of sth you have to use: it is like
like as a verb means: دوست داشتن
so it is like a real war
start play: after 'start' verbs come in infinitive or gerund form: I started to play/ I started playing
نقل قول:
First off, after since we mostly have a complete sentence; e.g: sine I was three years old...or we mention an exact time: since 1998)
then, when we talk about sth which we are still doing that it's better to use Present Perfect continous:I've been doing this sport since I was (age
I've lived here since last year."Interchange1, unite 10, grammar focus (page67)
could you explain more about that?
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]نقل قول:
it is like a real war
instead of this sentence can we say: It likes a real war
And whats you idea about that sentence in my post:
Is it wrong again? [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]نقل قول:
you will get used to doing that
نقل قول:
I've lived here since last year."Interchange1, unite 10, grammar focus (page67)
could you explain more about that?
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
well, present perfect is used when we are talking about sth which we have done but the time doesn't matter; let me explain the examples:
Have you ever eaten Moroccan food?
Possible answers:
- Yes, I have. I have eaten Moroccan food---------> Have I mentioned the time? no
- Yes, I have, I ate it once in Paris-------> I've mentioned Paris here which means that I'm talking about past n a specific time in the past so it is answered with simple past.
- Yes, I have. I ate it some years ago in paris------> that is exatly like the above example
----------
when u use present perfect with 'since' that makes it sorta meaningless bcuz u r mentioning an action which u are still doing; so in such cases u have to use Present Perfect Continuous...so: I've been doing this sport since 2001/ I was a child....
n sometimes when u wanna emphasize on sth u should use 'present perfect continuous' as well: e.g: I''ve been waiting for you for about an ahour----> in such a case u wanna show that u r sorta angry bcuz of yr partner's delay
I dun think so, because like as a verb doesn't refer to similarityنقل قول:
instead of this sentence can we say: It likes a real war
Used to refers to the past: I used to wake up lateنقل قول:
And whats you idea about that sentence in my post:
Is it wrong again?
be used to doing(I am used to/ he is used to): refers to the present; I'm used to getting up early--> right now I have no difficulty with waking up early
get used to doing refers to sth which u r getting familiar with day by day; I'm getting used to waking up early---> I may still have some difficulties with waking up early but it's getting easier n easier each day'
-----------
By the way, present perfect is not tangable, there are so many English-learners who can never feel it, but let me tell u in both speaking n writing it is really common among native speakers
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
Let's discuss about sports togother
:31:
why are you quiet
:31:
:8:
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
I don t understand "infinitive" in your text .نقل قول:
could you tell me what they mean ?
1-infinitive game
2-infinitive policy
oh tanx dear
i think it is a fun mistake because i wanted to say :invasive game
هنوزم میشه تو این گروه شرکت کرد؟
.yes you canنقل قول:
هنوزم میشه تو این گروه شرکت کرد؟
Be sure
here we speak about some subjects. last subject was food and present subject is sport.Plz share your information about sport
later maybe we'll performance some other idea for improving our skills
:31:
Good luck
thanks,but i can't speak english very well!
if i can't write right ,I will escape!
:31:نقل قول:
thanks,but i can't speak english very well!
if i can't write right ,I will escape!
don't worry , neither i do
What should we say about sports ?
which sport do we do ?
which one do we like?
Or something else
Please check my essay:20:I'm one of the advocates of sport. From childhood, I was interested in fighting sports and used to do karate, I don’t know why I couldn’t tolerate some sort of mental sports such as chess, even I used to ridicule people who did it. I didn’t use to consider these kinds of sports as sport at all and thought that the sport was just physical, though I got the fact that the physical aspect of sport is supported by mental and has no value without that, Anyway, despite my interest in karate, I gave it up due to the so called more important affairs such as entrance exam, university, job and lab lab lab.Looking back at those days of sport, I can just be sorry and blame myself for abandoning my favorite sport. :37:
نقل قول::31:
wow, keep blaming yrself buddy:10:(just kidding)
From childhood: Since childhood
who did it: who used to do it
the sport: Sport
I think it doesn't need any article
keep writing n have a nice week:11:l
oh. you mean that people like chess are ridiculous!!!:44:
i think people are different so there are many interests and you dont allow ridicule anyone :28:
نقل قول:Hey there,
From childhood is correct, Babylon:
And I think the second should be OK as wellنقل قول:
from childhood:
from the time one was a child, from youth, from the early days
نقل قول::41:No no no…..I didn’t mean to insult you, I used to think in that way and now I do accept the value of mental sport particularly "chess":20:
ok buddy:46:
:10:
by the way ,welcome to join our group
YES ! Everyone has his own Idea ... :eh:نقل قول:
oh. you mean that people like chess are ridiculous!!! [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
i think people are different so there are many interests and you dont allow ridicule anyone [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
YES ! Everyone has his own Idea ... :31:نقل قول:
I didn’t mean to insult you, I used to think in that way and now I do accept the value of mental sport particularly "chess" [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
YES ! Everyone has his own Idea ... :27:نقل قول:
ok buddy [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
by the way ,welcome to join our group
OK , still talking about soprts ... let me talk now ... but not here
I talk about it Here :31:
اهم .... اهم ...
Arz shavad ke ... Sorry i mean when I was very little , very little , smaller than you think , I liked football ( Soccer ) I was a famous player in my family , a little boy who came to you and you had to let him got the ball , else he would be killed under your legs :31:
So i thought I Am a great defensive player :31:
after many years and years , more than you think ,
No , not 10 years , about 5 years , i went to a basketball club and started it ... i was a newbie and funny , but i was the best there ... they thought I will be shaqil o'neal or Allen Iverson or like Kobe and maybe like Michel Jordan ...
Anyway , it's about 5-6 years I'm playing basketball ... do you know that basketball increase your height ?! if you think you know , You are Wrong ! Because i was playing basket ball and my brother was Growing :27:
it was very amazing ! many researchers from Australia , GB , US and ... came to see Us , after that it was time for tourists to Come :27:
However it looks like after 5 years I'm growing ...
I really like basketball , I've broken 3 Baskets and the last one is still in the Yard
.
.
.
I wanna Continue it to be more professional , But maybe next year , because tall of The Wall of our house is destroyed , no nails will be on it more than 10 seconds :27:
.
.
.
Also tell me my Problems in this text
نقل قول:
thank u so much:46:
i wish to have good time together:10:
Hi guys,
sorry for interruption :20:
what s up here??
I wanna to join u and to share some ideas:10:
So what are u discussing about???
:11:
Hi there
I wanna join this topic too. What should I do?
oh Welcome dear Hafez_7 and dear FARA360
:31: :26:
You can join to us
here we speak abt some subjects
This subject that we're discussing abt it now is Sports
You can put ur information abt sports and some masters like dear Sepid will correct ur passeges
Maybe tomorrow I change the subject or maybe I do it in next week...I'm busy these days
I have some idea for here and maybe in near future I'll do it
:31:
Hello every body:20:
why are you so sleepy?:31:
finally my friend Fara360 joined us:10:.
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ] :26:
we should celebrate
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
WELCOME FARA360:11:
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
I will explode this topic tomorrow . I have found many interesting things about intro and interchange 2:27:
I guess it's enough to talk about sports. make yourself ready for the next subject:
":40:HOLIDAYS:40:"
More information about intro, unite 10
Racing
Horse racing has been popular as a spectator sport throughout the British Isles for hundreds of years. It was also the first sport organized in the American colonies. This was in 1664 on Long Island, New York. Four years later the first American sports trophy, a silver bowl, was presented there.
There are two main types of horse racing. In flat racing horses run against each other over a set distance. In National Hunt racing, also called steeplechasing, horses jump over fences and ditches round a course. The main flat races in Britain each year are the English Classics, five races for three-year-old horses. These are the Derby and the Oaks (both run at Epsom), the One Thousand Guineas and the Two Thousand Guineas (run at Newmarket) and the St Leger (run at Doncaster). The four-day Royal Ascot meeting is an important social occasion, attended by members of the royal family. The most famous steeplechase is the Grand National, which was first run in 1836 and which takes place each spring at Aintree. Many people who take no interest in horse racing have a bet on this race. Racing attracts people from all levels of British society but only the rich can afford to own and train a racehorse.
In the US flat racing is called thoroughbred racing or just racing; steeplechasing is not often seen. The most famous race is the Kentucky Derby, which began in 1875 and is run each year at Louisville, Kentucky. This is a big event on national television, and informal bets are made in offices and homes, even in states where gambling is illegal. Other important races are the Preakness at Baltimore, Maryland, and the Belmont Stakes at Elmont, New York. The three together are called the triple crown. Only 11 horses have won the Triple Crown since 1919, and none since 1978. The most famous was Citation.
Famous British and US jockeys have included Willie Carson, Pat Eddery, Lester Piggott, Peter Scudamore, Willie Shoemaker, Laffit Pincay, Angel Cordero and Steve Cauthen. Horses famous in Britain have included Arkle, Desert Orchid, Nijinsky, Red Rum and Shergar, and in the US Galant Fox, Secretariat, Affirmed, Man o’ War, Native Dancer and Cigar, which was chosen Horse of the Year in 1995 and 1996.
A type of race popular in America is harness racing, in which a horse pulls a small two-wheeled cart called a sulky with its driver. The most famous race is the Hambletonian, popularly called the ‘Hambo’, at the Meadowlands Racetrack in New Jersey. Harness racing’s triple crown is the Hambletonian, the Kentucky Futurity, and the Yonkers Trot.
Betting on the result of a race is for many British people an important part of the sport and contributes to the atmosphere of excitement and tension at a racecourse. Before a race starts bookmakers take bets, calculate the odds and say which horse is the favourite. People can also bet on a race on the Internet or at a bookmaker’s or betting shop. Betting shops show live television broadcasts of races.
Americans also like to play the ponies. People can bet beside the track or off-track. Telephone bets can be made in some states. Even though many Americans do not approve of betting, most have accepted horse racing as an exciting sport and a US tradition. This is reflected in popular culture. Camptown Races is one of Stephen Foster‘s most popular songs. Damon Runyon set many of his short stories at race tracks, the mystery novels of Dick Francis are set in the world of racing and Hollywood has produced popular films about racing such as National Velvet (1945) and The Black Stallion (1980). See also greyhound racing.
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Arkansas
a state in the central southern US, sometimes called the Land of Opportunity. Its capital and largest city is Little Rock. The state’s natural features include Hot Springs National Park and Buffalo National River.Its most important industries include the production of food and wood.
the Empire State Building
an office building in Manhattan(1), New York City, which for over 40 years after it was built (in 1931) was the tallest in the world. It is 1 250 feet (381 meters) high and has 102 floors.
Mallory and Irvine
two English climbers, George Mallory (1886–1924) and Andrew Irvine (1902–1924), who died while attempting to reach the top of Mount Everest. When Mallory was asked why he wanted to climb Everest, his famous reply was ‘Because it is there’. His body was found in May 1999 after being lost on Everest for 75 years.
Georgia
a US state in the Deep South. It was named after King George II of Great Britain and was one of the 13 original American states. It later joined the Confederate States. Georgia’s popular names are the Peach State and the Empire State of the South. Its capital and largest city is Atlanta. Important products of the state include paper, textiles, cotton, tobacco and peaches.
Anchorage
the largest city in Alaska. It is on a port in the southern part of the state. An earthquake badly damaged the city in 1964 and killed 131 people.
Alaska
the largest and most northern state of the US, connected to the other states to the south by the Alaska Highway through Canada. It is sometimes called ‘the last frontier’ and produces a lot of oil. The capital city is Juneau, and the largest city is Anchorage
.
Source: Oxford cultural guide
More information about interchange2 unite1(workbook)
SYNONYMS
Mad
crazy , nuts , batty , out of your mind , (not) in your right mind
These are all informal words that describe sb who has a mind that does not work normally.
mad (informal, especially BrE)
having a mind that does not work normally: I thought I'd go mad if I stayed any longer.
NOTE
Mad is an informal word used to suggest that sb's behaviour is very strange, often because of extreme emotional pressure. It is offensive if used to describe sb suffering from a real mental illness; use mentally ill instead. Mad is not usually used in this meaning in North American English; use crazy instead.
Crazy (informal, especially NAmE)
having a mind that does not work normally: A crazy old woman rented the upstairs room.
NOTE
Like mad, crazy is offensive if used to describe sb suffering from a real mental illness.
nuts [not before noun] (informal) mad:
That noise is driving me nuts! You guys are nuts!
batty (informal, especially BrE)
slightly mad, in a harmless way: Her mum's completely batty.
out of your mind (informal)
unable to think or behave normally, especially because of extreme shock or anxiety: She was out of her mind with grief.
(not) in your right mind (informal)
(not) mentally normal: No one in their right mind would choose to work there.
to be mad / crazy / nuts / out of your mind / not in your right mind to do sth
to go mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of your mind
to drive sb mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of their mind
absolutely / completely mad / crazy / nuts / batty / out of your mind
Michigan
a northern US state, also called the Wolverine State and the Great Lakes State, because it is divided into two parts by Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and also has borders with Lake Superior and Lake Erie. The largest city is Detroit, and the capital city is Lansing. Michigan became a state in 1837. Its products include iron and other minerals, cars and cereals (= grains processed as food). Tourists visit the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, and Mackinac Island. People who live in the state are called Michiganders.
Alice in Wonderland
a children’s book (1865) by Lewis Carroll. Its full title is Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Alice, a young girl, dreams that she follows a white rabbit down its hole and has a series of adventures with imaginary creatures. Some of the characters, such as the Mad Hatter and the Cheshire Cat, are referred to in informal English expressions.
Beverly Hills
a fashionable town in the US state of California. It is surrounded by Los Angeles but is not part of it. It is expensive and many people living there are film stars. Its most famous street for shopping is Rodeo Drive.
ER
a US television medical series that began in 1994. ER is the abbreviation for Emergency Room, and the programme is set in a Chicago teaching hospital. It is the most popular series in the US and by 2004 had won 21 Emmy awards, including one for ‘Outstanding Drama Series’ in 1996.
The X-Files
a popular US television series that began in 1993 and is widely shown in other countries. It is about two members of the FBI, Agent Mulder (David Duchovny) and Agent Scully (Gillian Anderson), who investigate mysterious events suggesting other forms of life in space. There has also been a film, The X-Files (1998).
Mel Gibson (1956– )
a Hollywood film star. He was born in the US but grew up in Australia from the age of 12. His best-known films include the Mad Max series in the 1980s, the Lethal Weapon series in the 1980s and 1990s, Braveheart (1995), which he also directed and which won two Oscars, and The Passion of the Christ (2004), which he produced and directed
Quentin Tarantino
(1963– ) a US film director and actor who also writes films. He has been criticized for the violence in such films as Reservoir Dogs (1991) and Pulp Fiction (1994), for which he won an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay. It was also chosen as the best film at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival. Other films written by Tarantino include True Romance (1993), Natural Born Killers (1994), Jackie Brown (1997) and Kill Bill (2003).
Oxford Advanced learner's dictionary
Oxford cultural guide
idioms related to interchang2 unite3
what (else) do you expect?
(informal) used to tell sb not to be surprised by sth:
She swore at you? What do you expect when you treat her like that?
be sick of sth
(informal) to hate sb/sth very much
spread the word
to tell people about sth
spread your net
to consider a wide range of possibilities or cover a large area, especially to try to find sb/sth:
They have spread their net far and wide in the search for a new team coach.
spread like wildfire
(of news, etc.) to become known by more and more people very quickly
cramp sb’s style
(informal) to stop sb from behaving in the way they want to
come out of the closet
to admit sth openly that you kept secret before, especially because of shame or embarrassment
break the back of sth
to finish the largest or most important part of a task
break of 'day / dawn
(literary) the moment in the early hours of the morning when it begins to get light
Break sb’s fall
to stop sb from falling onto sth hard:
Luckily, a bush broke his fall.
break sb’s heart
to make sb feel very unhappy:
She broke his heart when she called off the engagement. It breaks my heart to see you like this.
break the ice
to say or do sth that makes people feel more relaxed, especially at the beginning of a meeting, party, etc.
break a leg!
(informal) used to wish sb good luck
break new ground
to make a new discovery or do sth that has not been done before
break the 'news (to sb)
to be the first to tell sb some bad news
be 'asking for trouble
(informal) to behave in a way that is very likely to result in trouble
give (sb) (some, no, any, etc.) trouble
to cause problems or difficulties:
My back’s been giving me a lot of trouble lately. The children didn’t give me any trouble at all when we were out.
take the trouble to do sth
to do sth even though it involves effort or difficulty
SYN: make the effort:
She didn’t even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name.
look for trouble
to behave in a way that is likely to cause an argument, violence, etc.:
Drunken youths hang around outside looking for trouble.
a waste of space
(informal) a person who is useless or no good at anything
waste not, want not
(saying) if you never waste anything, especially food or money, you will always have it when you need it
source: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictonary
more information related to interchange2 unite3
Privacy
The British value their privacy (= having a part of their life that is not known to other people) and believe that everyone has a right to a private life. Many British people like to ‘keep themselves to themselves’ and do not discuss their private affairs. Things people like to keep private vary but may include personal relationships, family problems, how much they earn, their health, their political opinions, and sometimes what they do in their free time. It is considered rude to ask somebody about their private life, even if you know them well.
In the US the Constitution protects people’s right to privacy. A police officer has no power to stop people and ask them what they are doing unless they have committed a crime. Information about people can be shown to others only under special circumstances, and usually only with their permission. When newspapers print details about the family life of a politician or film actor they are often criticized for invasion of privacy. On the other hand, actors and politicians tell the press about their family life for publicity reasons, and ordinary Americans appear on television talk shows where they discuss their bad marriages, health problems and how they cannot control their children. The apparent contradiction in attitudes may be explained by the fact that Americans believe strongly in the right to privacy, but as long as that right is respected, they are happy to give it up. They believe it is better to be open and honest than to have secrets. The British may be less willing than Americans to talk about their own lives but they have an equally strong desire to know about the private lives of famous people. There is a constant argument, for instance, about the extent to which the media should be allowed to report the private lives of members of the royal family.
Not all Americans tell the world everything about their lives. Money and --- are rarely discussed. Husbands and wives usually know how much each other earns, but other family members do not. People may say how much they paid for something, especially if the price was low, but asking somebody else how much they paid is acceptable only for small things, not a house or a car. In general people are happier offering information than being asked for it.
Being given advice can also disturb an American’s sense of privacy. If somebody gives them advice it suggests that that person can solve their problem better than they can themselves. When offering advice, people use indirect language, and instead of saying, ‘You should do this,’ they may say, ‘I tried doing this, and it worked for me’.
SYNONYMS
Afraid
frightened , scared , alarmed , paranoid , apprehensive
All these words describe feeling or showing fear.
afraid
[not before noun] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: There's nothing to be afraid of. Aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?
frightened
feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: a frightened child . She was frightened that the glass would break.
scared
(rather informal) feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen: The thieves got scared and ran away.
afraid, frightened or scared?
Scared is more informal, more common in speech, and often describes small fears. Afraid cannot come before a noun. It can only take the preposition of, not about. If you are afraid / frightened / scared of sb/sth/doing sth or afraid / frightened / scared to do sth, you think you are in danger of being hurt or suffering in some way. If you are frightened / scared about sth/doing sth, it is less a fear for your personal safety and more a worry that sth unpleasant might happen.
alarmed [not before noun] afraid that sth dangerous or unpleasant might happen: She was alarmed at the prospect of traveling alone.
paranoid (rather informal) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is not reasonable: You're just being paranoid.
apprehensive (rather formal) slightly afraid that sth bad might happen: I was a little apprehensive about the effects of what I had said.
Don't be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed.
frightened / scared / paranoid / apprehensive about …
afraid / frightened / scared / apprehensive that …
afraid / frightened / scared of spiders, etc.
to feel / look / sound afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / apprehensive
to get frightened / scared / paranoid
afraid / frightened / scared to open the door, etc.
SYNONYMS
rest , breather , breathing space , respite , time out
These are all words for a short period of time spent relaxing.
break
a short period of time when you stop what you are doing and rest or eat: Let's take a break. NOTE In British English break is a period of time between lessons at school. The North American English word is recess.
rest
a period of relaxing, sleeping or doing nothing after a period of activity: We stopped for a well-earned rest.
Breather
(informal) a short pause in an activity to rest or relax: a five-minute breather
breathing space
a short pause in the middle of a period of mental or physical effort: This delay gives the party a breathing space in which to sort out its policies.
breather or breathing space?
You decide when to take a breather; a breathing space has to be given or won. A breather is for relaxing; a breathing space is for sorting things out.
respite
a short break from sth difficult or unpleasant: The drug brought a brief respite from the pain
.time out
(informal, especially NAmE) time for resting or relaxing away from your usual work or studies: Take time out to relax by the pool.
VOCABULARY BUILDING
words that mean ‘break’
burst The balloon hit a tree and burst.
crack The ice started to crack.
crumble Crumble the cheese into a bowl.
cut Now cut the wire in two.
fracture He fell and fractured his hip.
shatter The vase hit the floor and shattered.
smash Vandals had smashed two windows.
snap I snapped the pencil in half.
split The bag had split open on the way home.
tear She tore the letter into pieces.
All these verbs, except cut, can be used with or without an object.
Source: Oxford Edvanced Learner's Dictionary
It's enough for now:20:.
who wants to talk about new subject:
HOLIDAYS
:10:نقل قول::11::11:Thank u so muchنقل قول:
So .... the topic is about HOLIDAYS!!!
Before discussing i would like to know that what do we suppose to debate about holiday? I mean any special holiday or sth?????
سلام
راستش اینه که منم به طور تصادفی با این تصمیمتون اشنا شدم و میتونم خودم و چند نفر از دوستانم رو هم دعوت کنم البته سطح زبان خودم هم پایینه (یعنی تا اخر کتاب قرمز اینتر چنچ رو خوندم البته چند سال پیش ) ولی مایلم کارایی رو برای زبان انجام بدم البته این دوستانی رو هم که میگم یه عدشون سطحشون خیلی بالاست و مطمئنم کمکون میکنن به هر حال اگه زمانی تصمیم به شروع گرفتین یا همین حالا شروع کردین خوشحال میشم ما رو هم بپذیرین ایمیلم رو میزارم خبرم کنین.
( [ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ] ):rambo: