سلام دوستان و خسته نباشد .
اگه ممكنه متن من رو هم ترجمه كنيد جوري كه قابل فهم باشه . ببخشيد ديگه متنهاي فلسفي ميخوره به پستتون !!
sources of knowladge
in islamic philosophy there are two theories about the manner in which the number of unknown objects is reduced. one theory stresses that this reduction is brought about by moving form known objects to unknown ones,the other it is merely the result of direct illumination given by the divine world . the former is the upward or philosophical way, the second the downward or prophetic one . according to the former theory , movment from the known object of conception to the unknown ones can be effected chiefly through the explanatory phrase ( al qawl ashsharih ) . The proof ( al burhan ) is the method for moving from the known objects of assent to the unknown ones . The explanatory phrase and proof can be either valid or invalid : the former leads to certitude , the latter to falsehood . The validity and invalidity of the explanatory phrase and proof can be determined by logic , which is a set of rules for such determination . ibn sina points out that logic is a necessary key to knowledge and cannot be replace except by God's guidance
ممنون از لطفتون .
