well done Mehran , u answered them all correctly apart from a tiny mistake in the 2nd Question
I’ve already spent my salary and it’s two weeks before pay day
من به تازگی حقوقم را خرج کرده ام و تا 2 هفته تا تا دادن حقوق مانده.
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well done Mehran , u answered them all correctly apart from a tiny mistake in the 2nd Question
I’ve already spent my salary and it’s two weeks before pay day
من به تازگی حقوقم را خرج کرده ام و تا 2 هفته تا تا دادن حقوق مانده.
تمامی کاربردهای حروف اضافه برای صحبت در مورد زمان هستش ، تقریبن هیچ چیزی از قلم نیفتاده..
این جدول رو حتمن مطالعه کنید به طور کامل..
[ برای مشاهده لینک ، با نام کاربری خود وارد شوید یا ثبت نام کنید ]
A simple test
.I'm looking forward to .... you soon
seen-
seeing-
see-
over seen-
HINT: 'to' is not a part of infinitive in this sentence
I Think "seeing" is the correct answer
فکر میکنم زمانش میشه آینده استمراری
"you think ? "think" is not a strong word , u gotta say "I'm sureنقل قول:
anyway
?do u know why 'to' is followed by an ing form
+
آینده هست ولی استمراری نیست، درواقع انتظار انجام شدن یه کاری در آینده هست.
یه سری فعلها در مورد آینده صحبت میکنن مث Hope ، want ، plan ، might
I think because this "to" is just indicating the indirect object, which is supposed to be a noun, and the only noun form that we can use is the gerund form of the given verb, i.e., "seeing".نقل قول:
We can ask ourselves: What are you looking forward to? the answer, which is the indirect object of the sentence, is "Seeing you soon".
نقل قول:Since that 'to' is a preposition and it results in a verb+preposition situation we should use gerund so the correct answer is seeing you soon .
both Daniel and Arrowtic were partially correct... but
Seeing you soon" can't be an indirect object bcuz there isn't any direct object for it"
the sentence has only one direct object which is the entire 'seeing u' (direct object of 'looking forward to') ( and since a gerund can also have a direct object , in here 'u' is the direct object of 'seeing' . anyway this is not the point so doesn't matter
[I look forward to {what?} - [seeing you] --------- seeing {whom?} - [u
.. as u probably know , for an indirect object to appear , a sentence must first have a direct object... an indirect object GETs the direct object
(e.g: I made you a sandwich last night (the word 'you' gets the 'sandwich'.. so 'you' is the indirect object and 'sandwich' is the direct object
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Although most words or phrases followed by "to" are usually followed by the bare infinitive, this is one of some exceptions to the rule
:Here's why
firstly, 'looking forward to' is a phrasal verb that means to expect sth with pleasure -
secondly, phrasal verbs , like other verbs , can take direct object -
thirdly, we require a noun or a noun-like form of a verb as a direct object.. so 'seeing' , which is a gerund , can be the direct object -
' fourthly, 'to' is not a part of infinitive , but is the inseparable preposition of 'look forward to -
'fifthly , when u see a Verb-ing form followed by 'to' , always check to see what's before 'to -
- (e.g : I love to go ( in this sentence 'to' is not a preposition of the verb 'love' but it's a part of infinitive -
"basically I'm implying that "to look forward to something" is a verbal idiom, in which "to" is a preposition, having nothing to do with the infinitive marker "to
:other exceptions
look forward to + ing
be used to + ing
get used to + ing
get accustomed to + ing
committed to + ing
.......
however , there are some semi phrasal verbs which can be followed by "bare infinitives" as u can see below
be supposed to + bare infinitive - You are supposed to close the door
be likely to + bare infinitive
- تفاوت بین have و have got و همچنین has و has got چیست؟
درود بر همراهان گرامی و گرامری؛ در این پست سعی شده خیلی مختصر و مفید به این تفاوتها بپردازیم و ببنیم کجا میشه از اینا به جای هم استفاده کرد و کجاها نمیشه
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اول اینکه Have got در گویش بریتیش بیشتر استفاده میشود و Have در گویش آمریکایی . در برخی موارد تفاوتی میان have و have got نیست، مثلا موارد پایین:
They've got a new car
یا
They have a new car
Lisa has got two brothers
یا
Lisa has two brothers
I've got a headache
یا
I have a headache
تفاوت اول: برای زمان گذشته از had ( بدون got ) استفاده کنید:
( Lisa had long hair ( Not L̶i̶s̶a̶ ̶h̶a̶d̶ ̶g̶o̶t̶ ̶l̶o̶n̶g̶ ̶h̶a̶i̶r̶
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استفاده در سوالها و جملات منفی:
?Have you got any questions
I haven't got any questions {or} I don't have any questions
این حالتهارو استفاده نکنید چون غیرمعمول هستند:
?Have you any questions
I haven't any questions
تفاوت دوم: همانطور که می بینید همه ی حالتها از لحاظ گرامری صحیح هستند ولی استفاده از have به تنهایی، رایج نیست.
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تفاوت سوم: از have برای بیان بسیاری از فعالیتها (انجام یک کار) استفاده میشه ( ولی have got نه)، به مثالهای زیر توجه کنید:
Have breakfast
Have a cup of tea
Have dinner
Have a party
Have a shower
Have an accident
Have a discussion
Have difficulty
etc
Have همچنین به معنی عمل "خوردن و آشامیدن" است، به همین دلیله که شما باید در این مورد فقط از have (به تنهایی) استفاده کنید، مثلا:
we had cake for dessert
برای دسر کیک خوردیم.
مثالهای دیگر که در آن Have در نقش "انجام یک کار" ظاهر می شود:
I had (=experience) difficulty finding a place to live
وقتی می خواستم یک جا برای زندگی پیدا کنم با مشکل روبرو شدم(مشکلاتی رو تجربه کردم).
در مثال بالا نیز فعل have به معنی experience به کار رفته و می بایست به تنهایی استفاده شود ( نه با got )
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ممکنه بخواین مثلن از have به عنوان فعل کمکی در زمان گذشته استفاده کنید ، مثلن :
Have + pp
Have not + pp
مثلن:
I haven't seen it
نمیتونی بگی :
I don't have seen it
I̶ ̶d̶o̶n̶'̶t̶ ̶h̶a̶v̶e̶ ̶s̶e̶e̶n̶ ̶i̶t̶
پس تنها حالتی که میشه گفت have not یا had not یا has not این بود که گفتم. یعنی فعل کمکی باشه. و معنای مالکیت نداشته باشه.
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right: I have a car
right: I have got a car
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right: I had a car
( wrong: I had got a car ( I̶ ̶h̶a̶d̶ ̶g̶o̶t̶ ̶a̶ ̶c̶a̶r̶
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right: I don't have a car
right: I haven't got a car
( wrong: I haven't a car ( I̶ ̶h̶a̶v̶e̶n̶'̶t̶ ̶a̶ ̶c̶a̶r̶
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?right: do you have any questions
?right: have you got any questions
right: I don't have any questions
? wrong: have you any questions
( wrong: I haven't any questions ( I̶ ̶h̶a̶v̶e̶n̶'̶t̶ ̶a̶n̶y̶ ̶q̶u̶e̶s̶t̶i̶o̶n̶s̶
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right: I had my dinner at 21 o'clock last night
- -( wrong: I had got my dinner at 21 o'clock last night ( I̶ ̶h̶a̶d̶ ̶g̶o̶t̶ ̶m̶y̶ ̶d̶i̶n̶n̶e̶r̶ ̶a̶t̶ ̶2̶1̶ ̶o̶'̶c̶l̶o̶c̶k̶ ̶l̶a̶s̶t̶ ̶n̶i̶g̶h̶t̶
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سوال ، شک ، تردید ، نکته ای دارید حتمن کامنت کنید خوشحال میشیم بشنویم (ببینیم).
خیلی ممنون
من به این نتیجه رسیدم که کلا استفاده از Got ضرورتی نداره
و تنها مواردی هم که استفاده ازش ضروری میشه ما میتونیم از فعل کمکی do استفاده کنیم
درسته؟